Structured Programming
Structured programming is a programming approach that emphasizes writing clear, organized, and logical code by dividing a program into smaller, manageable sections or functions. It uses three main control structures—sequence, selection, and iteration—to control the flow of the program instead of using unstructured jumps like goto statements. This method promotes top-down design, making programs easier to read, debug, test, and maintain. It is commonly used in languages such as C, Pascal, and Python, and forms the foundation of modern programming practices.
2. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN
2.1. Program Development Cycle
Program Development Cycle
1. Analyze – Define the problem.
You must have a clear idea of what data (or input) is given and the relationship between the
input and the desired output.
2. Design – Plan the solution to the problem.
Find a logical sequence of precises steps that solve the problem (aka the algorithm). The logical
plan may include flowcharts, psuedocode, and top-down charts.
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3. Design the interface – Select objects (text boxes, buttons, etc.).
Determine how to obtain input and how the output will be displayed. Objects are created to
receive input and display output. Appropriate menus, buttons, etc. are created to allow user to
control the program.
4. Code – Translate algorithm into a programming language.
During this stage that program is written.
5. Test and debug – Locate and remove errors in program.
Testing is the process for finding errors. Debugging is the process for correcting errors.
6. Complete the documentation – Organize all materials that describe the program.
Documentation is necessary to allow another programmer or non-programmer to understand
the program. Internal documentation, known as comments, is created to assist a programmer.
An instruction manual is created for the non-programmer. Documentation should be done
during the coding stage.